Absence of supporters during football matches associated with fewer altercations on pitch

Players, staff and officials engaged in shorter and less extensive emotional behavior and interactions, such as arguments and discussions in games played during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, when supporters were absent. The findings are presented in a case study of 20 FC Redbull Salzburg championship group games published in Humanities and Social Sciences Communications.

source https://phys.org/news/2021-01-absence-football-altercations-pitch.html